On March 10, the United States and a number of other nations will move their clocks forward one hour, as Daylight Saving Time begins. The spring time change can lead to (at minimum) fatigue and sluggishness due to losing an hour of sleep. But, how much money does it cost us? SleepBetter.org investigated, and created the Lost-Hour Economic Index. Using the table below, you can find out how much it costs in each of the top 360 metropolitan areas in the United States. Use the search feature to find out how much it costs in your area.
Note: Methodology for this index can be found below. Markets in Hawaii and a portion of Arizona are excluded, as they do not participate in Daylight Saving Time.
| MSA | Total Cost of Lost Hour | Population in 2010 | Index Rank | Per Capita Cost | % Difference From Nat'l Avg. | MSA Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National | $433,982,548.00 | 260,392,304 | $1.65449 | |||
| Morgantown, WV | $445,685.00 | 129,709 | 1 | $3.37947 | 104.26% | 293 |
| Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH | $930,759.00 | 287,702 | 2 | $3.18188 | 92.32% | 162 |
| Parkersburg-Marietta, WV-OH | $519,472.00 | 162,056 | 3 | $3.15273 | 90.56% | 245 |
| Charleston, WV | $973,594.00 | 304,284 | 4 | $3.14694 | 90.21% | 156 |
| Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol, TN-VA | $925,487.00 | 309,544 | 5 | $2.94061 | 77.74% | 151 |
| Lakeland, FL | $1,582,213.00 | 602,095 | 6 | $2.58458 | 56.22% | 87 |
| Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL | $7,283,123.00 | 2,783,243 | 7 | $2.57369 | 55.56% | 18 |
| Ocala, FL | $863,182.00 | 331,298 | 8 | $2.56256 | 54.89% | 147 |
| North Port-Bradenton-Sarasota, FL | $1,822,027.00 | 702,281 | 9 | $2.55172 | 54.23% | 73 |
| Punta Gorda, FL | $404,984.00 | 159,978 | 10 | $2.48982 | 50.49% | 247 |
| Scranton--Wilkes-Barre, PA | $1,412,054.00 | 563,631 | 11 | $2.46403 | 48.93% | 90 |
| Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC | $662,576.00 | 269,291 | 12 | $2.41994 | 46.27% | 168 |
| Pittsburgh, PA | $5,794,723.00 | 2,356,285 | 13 | $2.41877 | 46.19% | 22 |
| Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL | $1,336,302.00 | 543,376 | 14 | $2.41877 | 46.19% | 96 |
| Evansville, IN-KY | $873,111.00 | 358,676 | 15 | $2.39418 | 44.71% | 142 |
| Tulsa, OK | $2,277,053.00 | 937,478 | 16 | $2.38892 | 44.39% | 54 |
| Sebastian-Vero Beach, FL | $334,825.00 | 138,028 | 17 | $2.38584 | 44.20% | 283 |
| Bloomington, IN | $464,931.00 | 192,714 | 18 | $2.37282 | 43.42% | 218 |
| Chattanooga, TN-GA | $1,268,241.00 | 528,143 | 19 | $2.36178 | 42.75% | 98 |
| Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL | $1,187,424.00 | 494,593 | 20 | $2.36128 | 42.72% | 103 |
| Bangor, ME | $368,824.00 | 153,923 | 21 | $2.35671 | 42.44% | 259 |
| Alexandria, LA | $367,169.00 | 153,922 | 22 | $2.34615 | 41.81% | 257 |
| Palm Coast, FL | $227,338.00 | 95,696 | 23 | $2.33651 | 41.22% | 347 |
| Muncie, IN | $279,430.00 | 117,671 | 24 | $2.33557 | 41.17% | 317 |
| Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin, FL | $428,270.00 | 180,822 | 25 | $2.32946 | 40.80% | 224 |
| Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL | $1,455,015.00 | 618,754 | 26 | $2.31281 | 39.79% | 84 |
| Mobile, AL | $967,710.00 | 412,992 | 27 | $2.30459 | 39.29% | 126 |
| Jacksonville, FL | $3,146,585.00 | 1,345,596 | 28 | $2.29993 | 39.01% | 40 |
| Toledo, OH | $1,523,209.00 | 651,429 | 29 | $2.29976 | 39.00% | 82 |
| Lafayette, IN | $471,375.00 | 201,789 | 30 | $2.29752 | 38.87% | 210 |
| Canton-Massillon, OH | $943,763.00 | 404,422 | 31 | $2.29519 | 38.72% | 128 |
| Johnson City, TN | $461,978.00 | 198,716 | 32 | $2.28654 | 38.20% | 214 |
| Dayton, OH | $1,952,542.00 | 841,502 | 33 | $2.28210 | 37.93% | 62 |
| Knoxville, TN | $1,617,373.00 | 698,030 | 34 | $2.27890 | 37.74% | 74 |
| Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL | $1,037,154.00 | 448,991 | 35 | $2.27193 | 37.32% | 110 |
| Terre Haute, IN | $394,960.00 | 172,425 | 36 | $2.25291 | 36.17% | 233 |
| Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL | $12,725,469.00 | 5,564,635 | 37 | $2.24919 | 35.95% | 8 |
| Port St. Lucie-Fort Pierce, FL | $969,275.00 | 424,107 | 38 | $2.24782 | 35.86% | 117 |
| State College, PA | $351,910.00 | 153,990 | 39 | $2.24765 | 35.85% | 256 |
| Asheville, NC | $969,459.00 | 424,858 | 40 | $2.24427 | 35.65% | 116 |
| Lewiston-Auburn, ME | $243,661.00 | 107,702 | 41 | $2.22512 | 34.49% | 334 |
| Lexington-Fayette, KY | $1,066,009.00 | 472,099 | 42 | $2.22084 | 34.23% | 106 |
| Jackson, TN | $260,264.00 | 115,425 | 43 | $2.21771 | 34.04% | 321 |
| Michigan City-La Porte, IN | $251,036.00 | 111,467 | 44 | $2.21503 | 33.88% | 329 |
| Cheyenne, WY | $206,604.00 | 91,738 | 45 | $2.21503 | 33.88% | 354 |
| Naples-Marco Island, FL | $723,778.00 | 321,520 | 46 | $2.21405 | 33.82% | 149 |
| Bowling Green, KY | $282,675.00 | 125,953 | 47 | $2.20733 | 33.42% | 302 |
| Kokomo, IN | $221,462.00 | 98,688 | 48 | $2.20711 | 33.40% | 345 |
| South Bend-Mishawaka, IN-MI | $715,354.00 | 319,224 | 49 | $2.20402 | 33.21% | 150 |
| Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC | $818,612.00 | 365,497 | 50 | $2.20285 | 33.14% | 141 |
| Anderson, IN | $294,790.00 | 131,636 | 51 | $2.20256 | 33.13% | 295 |
| Atlantic City, NJ | $612,213.00 | 274,549 | 52 | $2.19317 | 32.56% | 169 |
| Columbus, IN | $170,968.00 | 76,794 | 53 | $2.18967 | 32.35% | 362 |
| Johnstown, PA | $318,637.00 | 143,679 | 54 | $2.18119 | 31.83% | 275 |
| Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA | $1,215,731.00 | 549,475 | 55 | $2.17610 | 31.53% | 94 |
| Lawton, OK | $274,358.00 | 124,098 | 56 | $2.17442 | 31.43% | 307 |
| Louisville, KY-IN | $2,826,250.00 | 1,283,566 | 57 | $2.16562 | 30.89% | 42 |
| Morristown, TN | $300,143.00 | 136,608 | 58 | $2.16094 | 30.61% | 286 |
| Wheeling, WV-OH | $323,960.00 | 147,950 | 59 | $2.15361 | 30.17% | 268 |
| Wichita Falls, TX | $331,130.00 | 151,306 | 60 | $2.15244 | 30.10% | 266 |
| Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA | $1,236,309.00 | 565,773 | 61 | $2.14919 | 29.90% | 91 |
| Owensboro, KY | $249,981.00 | 114,752 | 62 | $2.14258 | 29.50% | 322 |
| Shreveport-Bossier City, LA | $868,062.00 | 398,604 | 63 | $2.14190 | 29.46% | 129 |
| Gainesville, FL | $574,037.00 | 264,275 | 64 | $2.13636 | 29.13% | 173 |
| Altoona, PA | $275,914.00 | 127,089 | 65 | $2.13528 | 29.06% | 305 |
| Williamsport, PA | $251,895.00 | 116,111 | 66 | $2.13372 | 28.97% | 319 |
| Panama City-Lynn Haven, FL | $364,847.00 | 168,852 | 67 | $2.12517 | 28.45% | 236 |
| Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI | $9,268,747.00 | 4,296,250 | 68 | $2.12188 | 28.25% | 13 |
| Birmingham, AL | $2,431,810.00 | 1,128,047 | 69 | $2.12028 | 28.15% | 50 |
| Elizabethtown, KY | $257,362.00 | 119,736 | 70 | $2.11403 | 27.78% | 313 |
| Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY | $2,440,468.00 | 1,135,509 | 71 | $2.11384 | 27.76% | 49 |
| Ocean City, NJ | $207,878.00 | 97,265 | 72 | $2.10205 | 27.05% | 351 |
| Fort Wayne, IN | $888,743.00 | 416,257 | 73 | $2.09993 | 26.92% | 122 |
| Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV | $265,544.00 | 124,454 | 74 | $2.09854 | 26.84% | 311 |
| Huntsville, AL | $890,913.00 | 417,593 | 75 | $2.09832 | 26.83% | 119 |
| Erie, PA | $598,252.00 | 280,566 | 76 | $2.09720 | 26.76% | 164 |
| Montgomery, AL | $798,346.00 | 374,536 | 77 | $2.09646 | 26.71% | 136 |
| Gulfport-Biloxi, MS | $528,298.00 | 248,820 | 78 | $2.08825 | 26.22% | 185 |
| Carson City, NV | $116,608.00 | 55,274 | 79 | $2.07490 | 25.41% | 366 |
| Anniston, AL | $250,003.00 | 118,572 | 80 | $2.07373 | 25.34% | 316 |
| Mansfield, OH | $261,914.00 | 124,475 | 81 | $2.06951 | 25.08% | 310 |
| Sandusky, OH | $161,894.00 | 77,079 | 82 | $2.06578 | 24.86% | 363 |
| Elkhart-Goshen, IN | $414,780.00 | 197,559 | 83 | $2.06496 | 24.81% | 216 |
| Florence, AL | $308,807.00 | 147,137 | 84 | $2.06422 | 24.76% | 206 |
| Auburn-Opelika, AL | $293,975.00 | 140,247 | 85 | $2.06161 | 24.61% | 276 |
| Lafayette, LA | $573,540.00 | 273,738 | 86 | $2.06072 | 24.55% | 167 |
| Lima, OH | $221,940.00 | 106,331 | 87 | $2.05289 | 24.08% | 336 |
| Clarksville, TN-KY | $571,732.00 | 273,949 | 88 | $2.05264 | 24.07% | 166 |
| Lebanon, PA | $278,565.00 | 133,568 | 89 | $2.05123 | 23.98% | 292 |
| Reading, PA | $857,038.00 | 411,442 | 90 | $2.04871 | 23.83% | 125 |
| Gadsden, AL | $217,236.00 | 104,430 | 91 | $2.04596 | 23.66% | 338 |
| York-Hanover, PA | $904,776.00 | 434,972 | 92 | $2.04583 | 23.65% | 113 |
| Barnstable Town, MA | $447,310.00 | 215,888 | 93 | $2.03784 | 23.17% | 198 |
| Ann Arbor, MI | $713,184.00 | 344,791 | 94 | $2.03440 | 22.96% | 146 |
| Springfield, OH | $285,322.00 | 138,333 | 95 | $2.02862 | 22.61% | 285 |
| Wilmington, NC | $747,299.00 | 362,315 | 96 | $2.02861 | 22.61% | 139 |
| Dothan, AL | $299,824.00 | 145,639 | 97 | $2.02478 | 22.38% | 270 |
| Monroe, LA | $362,816.00 | 176,441 | 98 | $2.02244 | 22.24% | 229 |
| Hattiesburg, MS | $293,083.00 | 142,842 | 99 | $2.01802 | 21.97% | 272 |
| Lancaster, PA | $1,064,016.00 | 519,445 | 100 | $2.01465 | 21.77% | 99 |
| Decatur, AL | $313,503.00 | 153,829 | 101 | $2.00444 | 21.15% | 258 |
| Oklahoma City, OK | $2,550,073.00 | 1,252,987 | 102 | $2.00169 | 20.99% | 43 |
| Pascagoula, MS | $330,101.00 | 162,246 | 103 | $2.00107 | 20.95% | 242 |
| Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV | $546,398.00 | 269,140 | 104 | $1.99674 | 20.69% | 172 |
| Casper, WY | $153,138.00 | 75,450 | 105 | $1.99624 | 20.66% | 364 |
| Greenville, SC | $1,289,377.00 | 636,986 | 106 | $1.99086 | 20.33% | 83 |
| Greensboro-High Point, NC | $1,464,797.00 | 723,801 | 107 | $1.99044 | 20.31% | 71 |
| New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA | $2,360,696.00 | 1,167,764 | 108 | $1.98827 | 20.17% | 46 |
| Las Vegas-Paradise, NV | $3,941,238.00 | 1,951,269 | 109 | $1.98658 | 20.07% | 30 |
| Indianapolis, IN | $3,537,009.00 | 1,756,241 | 110 | $1.98081 | 19.72% | 35 |
| Missoula, MT | $219,657.00 | 109,299 | 111 | $1.97660 | 19.47% | 332 |
| Ithaca, NY | $203,399.00 | 101,564 | 112 | $1.96970 | 19.05% | 342 |
| Dover, DE | $324,756.00 | 162,310 | 113 | $1.96789 | 18.94% | 241 |
| Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH | $4,151,800.00 | 2,077,240 | 114 | $1.96580 | 18.82% | 28 |
| Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ | $1,614,902.00 | 821,173 | 115 | $1.93420 | 16.91% | 64 |
| Prescott, AZ | $414,603.00 | 211,033 | 116 | $1.93229 | 16.79% | 203 |
| Providence-New Bedford-Fall River, RI-MA | $3,141,889.00 | 1,600,852 | 117 | $1.93032 | 16.67% | 38 |
| Worcester, MA | $1,565,876.00 | 798,552 | 118 | $1.92861 | 16.57% | 67 |
| Portland-South Portland-Biddeford, ME | $1,005,605.00 | 514,098 | 119 | $1.92385 | 16.28% | 101 |
| Billings, MT | $308,857.00 | 158,050 | 120 | $1.92200 | 16.17% | 249 |
| Springfield, MA | $1,353,410.00 | 692,942 | 121 | $1.92098 | 16.11% | 77 |
| Ames, IA | $174,611.00 | 89,542 | 122 | $1.91794 | 15.92% | 356 |
| Fayetteville, NC | $713,043.00 | 366,383 | 123 | $1.91413 | 15.69% | 137 |
| Fort Smith, AR-OK | $580,963.00 | 298,592 | 124 | $1.91364 | 15.66% | 158 |
| Houma-Bayou Cane-Thibodaux, LA | $403,825.00 | 208,178 | 125 | $1.90787 | 15.31% | 205 |
| Rapid City, SD | $245,126.00 | 126,382 | 126 | $1.90763 | 15.30% | 300 |
| Lewiston, ID-WA | $118,048.00 | 60,888 | 127 | $1.90686 | 15.25% | 365 |
| Lake Charles, LA | $386,936.00 | 199,607 | 128 | $1.90657 | 15.24% | 213 |
| Akron, OH | $1,359,432.00 | 703,200 | 129 | $1.90138 | 14.92% | 75 |
| Baton Rouge, LA | $1,550,929.00 | 802,484 | 130 | $1.90084 | 14.89% | 66 |
| Jackson, MS | $1,040,664.00 | 539,057 | 131 | $1.89874 | 14.76% | 95 |
| Cleveland, TN | $223,348.00 | 115,788 | 132 | $1.89718 | 14.67% | 318 |
| Iowa City, IA | $293,659.00 | 152,586 | 133 | $1.89286 | 14.41% | 255 |
| Richmond, VA | $2,419,992.00 | 1,258,251 | 134 | $1.89163 | 14.33% | 44 |
| Baltimore-Towson, MD | $5,209,507.00 | 2,710,489 | 135 | $1.89034 | 14.26% | 20 |
| Blacksburg, VA | $312,735.00 | 162,958 | 136 | $1.88752 | 14.08% | 244 |
| Orlando, FL | $4,092,620.00 | 2,134,411 | 137 | $1.88588 | 13.99% | 26 |
| Great Falls, MT | $155,815.00 | 81,327 | 138 | $1.88437 | 13.89% | 359 |
| Charlottesville, VA | $384,484.00 | 201,559 | 139 | $1.87614 | 13.40% | 208 |
| Farmington, NM | $247,716.00 | 130,044 | 140 | $1.87350 | 13.24% | 301 |
| Winston-Salem, NC | $909,101.00 | 477,717 | 141 | $1.87168 | 13.13% | 105 |
| Greenville, NC | $359,766.00 | 189,510 | 142 | $1.86714 | 12.85% | 220 |
| Pittsfield, MA | $248,995.00 | 131,219 | 143 | $1.86631 | 12.80% | 296 |
| Sioux City, IA-NE-SD | $271,947.00 | 143,577 | 144 | $1.86290 | 12.60% | 273 |
| Reno-Sparks, NV | $805,515.00 | 425,417 | 145 | $1.86230 | 12.56% | 115 |
| Columbia, MO | $327,147.00 | 172,786 | 146 | $1.86219 | 12.55% | 232 |
| Saginaw-Saginaw Township North, MI | $378,070.00 | 200,169 | 147 | $1.85766 | 12.28% | 215 |
| Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL | $716,738.00 | 379,690 | 148 | $1.85661 | 12.22% | 134 |
| Kalamazoo-Portage, MI | $614,919.00 | 326,589 | 149 | $1.85185 | 11.93% | 148 |
| St. Louis, MO-IL | $5,295,893.00 | 2,812,896 | 150 | $1.85172 | 11.92% | 19 |
| Jackson, MI | $300,340.00 | 160,248 | 151 | $1.84336 | 11.42% | 251 |
| Columbus, OH | $3,441,849.00 | 1,836,536 | 152 | $1.84324 | 11.41% | 32 |
| Coeur d'Alene, ID | $259,303.00 | 138,494 | 153 | $1.84148 | 11.30% | 280 |
| Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN | $3,984,972.00 | 2,130,151 | 154 | $1.83994 | 11.21% | 27 |
| Battle Creek, MI | $254,031.00 | 136,146 | 155 | $1.83515 | 10.92% | 288 |
| Bay City, MI | $201,047.00 | 107,771 | 156 | $1.83479 | 10.90% | 335 |
| Niles-Benton Harbor, MI | $292,506.00 | 156,813 | 157 | $1.83460 | 10.89% | 254 |
| Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY | $1,621,964.00 | 870,716 | 158 | $1.83212 | 10.74% | 59 |
| Amarillo, TX | $462,864.00 | 249,881 | 159 | $1.82184 | 10.11% | 184 |
| Roanoke, VA | $570,732.00 | 308,707 | 160 | $1.81834 | 9.90% | 153 |
| Harrisonburg, VA | $230,573.00 | 125,228 | 161 | $1.81091 | 9.45% | 306 |
| Burlington, NC | $277,822.00 | 151,131 | 162 | $1.80802 | 9.28% | 261 |
| Trenton-Ewing, NJ | $673,675.00 | 366,513 | 163 | $1.80780 | 9.27% | 140 |
| Jefferson City, MO | $275,316.00 | 149,807 | 164 | $1.80754 | 9.25% | 265 |
| Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA | $307,311.00 | 167,819 | 165 | $1.80106 | 8.86% | 237 |
| Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, NJ | $287,125.00 | 156,898 | 166 | $1.79988 | 8.79% | 253 |
| Hot Springs, AR | $175,556.00 | 96,024 | 167 | $1.79815 | 8.68% | 349 |
| Cumberland, MD-WV | $188,630.00 | 103,299 | 168 | $1.79599 | 8.55% | 339 |
| Binghamton, NY | $458,868.00 | 251,725 | 169 | $1.79288 | 8.36% | 186 |
| Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC | $1,015,110.00 | 556,877 | 170 | $1.79285 | 8.36% | 92 |
| Dubuque, IA | $170,614.00 | 93,653 | 171 | $1.79177 | 8.30% | 353 |
| Rocky Mount, NC | $277,596.00 | 152,392 | 172 | $1.79160 | 8.29% | 263 |
| Flint, MI | $775,183.00 | 425,790 | 173 | $1.79060 | 8.23% | 120 |
| Springfield, IL | $382,338.00 | 210,170 | 174 | $1.78923 | 8.14% | 204 |
| Lynchburg, VA | $459,487.00 | 252,634 | 175 | $1.78884 | 8.12% | 183 |
| Glens Falls, NY | $234,236.00 | 128,923 | 176 | $1.78696 | 8.01% | 299 |
| Utica-Rome, NY | $543,419.00 | 299,397 | 177 | $1.78516 | 7.90% | 160 |
| Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro, TN | $2,880,135.00 | 1,589,934 | 178 | $1.78166 | 7.69% | 37 |
| Muskegon-Norton Shores, MI | $311,558.00 | 172,188 | 179 | $1.77962 | 7.56% | 234 |
| Danville, VA | $192,681.00 | 106,561 | 180 | $1.77840 | 7.49% | 337 |
| Goldsboro, NC | $221,405.00 | 122,623 | 181 | $1.77585 | 7.34% | 309 |
| Florence, SC | $370,844.00 | 205,566 | 182 | $1.77431 | 7.24% | 267 |
| Kingston, NY | $329,107.00 | 182,493 | 183 | $1.77370 | 7.21% | 226 |
| Monroe, MI | $273,894.00 | 152,021 | 184 | $1.77202 | 7.10% | 264 |
| Lansing-East Lansing, MI | $833,169.00 | 464,036 | 185 | $1.76592 | 6.74% | 109 |
| Holland-Grand Haven, MI | $473,601.00 | 263,801 | 186 | $1.76574 | 6.72% | 174 |
| Pine Bluff, AR | $179,721.00 | 100,258 | 187 | $1.76307 | 6.56% | 344 |
| Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR | $243,750.00 | 136,027 | 188 | $1.76242 | 6.52% | 287 |
| Springfield, MO | $782,413.00 | 436,712 | 189 | $1.76210 | 6.50% | 112 |
| Salisbury, MD | $224,297.00 | 125,203 | 190 | $1.76197 | 6.50% | 308 |
| Spartanburg, SC | $509,124.00 | 284,307 | 191 | $1.76127 | 6.45% | 163 |
| College Station-Bryan, TX | $408,296.00 | 228,660 | 192 | $1.75620 | 6.15% | 193 |
| St. Joseph, MO-KS | $227,058.00 | 127,329 | 193 | $1.75388 | 6.01% | 303 |
| Syracuse, NY | $1,180,655.00 | 662,577 | 194 | $1.75257 | 5.93% | 80 |
| Rochester, NY | $1,877,514.00 | 1,054,323 | 195 | $1.75146 | 5.86% | 51 |
| Elmira, NY | $157,948.00 | 88,830 | 196 | $1.74881 | 5.70% | 357 |
| Memphis, TN-MS-AR | $2,337,491.00 | 1,316,100 | 197 | $1.74683 | 5.58% | 41 |
| Winchester, VA-WV | $227,756.00 | 128,472 | 198 | $1.74361 | 5.39% | 298 |
| Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD | $10,561,043.00 | 5,965,343 | 199 | $1.74125 | 5.24% | 6 |
| Anderson, SC | $331,261.00 | 187,126 | 200 | $1.74111 | 5.24% | 222 |
| Jacksonville, NC | $314,639.00 | 177,772 | 201 | $1.74076 | 5.21% | 227 |
| Jonesboro, AR | $213,245.00 | 121,026 | 202 | $1.73297 | 4.74% | 312 |
| Sumter, SC | $188,886.00 | 107,456 | 203 | $1.72886 | 4.49% | 333 |
| Bloomington-Normal, IL | $297,450.00 | 169,572 | 204 | $1.72524 | 4.28% | 235 |
| Bismarck, ND | $190,424.00 | 108,779 | 205 | $1.72174 | 4.06% | 330 |
| Champaign-Urbana, IL | $404,833.00 | 231,891 | 206 | $1.71704 | 3.78% | 192 |
| Bremerton-Silverdale, WA | $438,118.00 | 251,133 | 207 | $1.71584 | 3.71% | 182 |
| Lawrence, KS | $192,383.00 | 110,826 | 208 | $1.70732 | 3.19% | 328 |
| San Antonio, TX | $3,716,198.00 | 2,142,508 | 209 | $1.70595 | 3.11% | 24 |
| Des Moines, IA | $986,927.00 | 569,633 | 210 | $1.70404 | 3.00% | 88 |
| Spokane, WA | $815,061.00 | 471,221 | 211 | $1.70120 | 2.82% | 108 |
| Tyler, TX | $362,634.00 | 209,714 | 212 | $1.70071 | 2.79% | 200 |
| Athens-Clarke County, GA | $332,237.00 | 192,541 | 213 | $1.69713 | 2.58% | 219 |
| Wichita, KS | $1,073,694.00 | 623,061 | 214 | $1.69488 | 2.44% | 86 |
| Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown, NY | $1,154,051.00 | 670,301 | 215 | $1.69334 | 2.35% | 79 |
| Joplin, MO | $301,371.00 | 175,518 | 216 | $1.68877 | 2.07% | 231 |
| Abilene, TX | $282,987.00 | 165,252 | 217 | $1.68426 | 1.80% | 240 |
| Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH | $7,793,647.00 | 4,552,402 | 218 | $1.68380 | 1.77% | 10 |
| San Angelo, TX | $191,352.00 | 111,823 | 219 | $1.68303 | 1.73% | 325 |
| Topeka, KS | $400,150.00 | 233,870 | 220 | $1.68282 | 1.71% | 189 |
| Pocatello, ID | $155,071.00 | 90,656 | 221 | $1.68238 | 1.69% | 355 |
| Madison, WI | $971,417.00 | 568,593 | 222 | $1.68033 | 1.56% | 89 |
| Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC | $2,848,285.00 | 1,671,683 | 223 | $1.67579 | 1.29% | 36 |
| Lubbock, TX | $483,463.00 | 284,890 | 224 | $1.66908 | 0.88% | 161 |
| Tuscaloosa, AL | $371,157.00 | 219,461 | 225 | $1.66337 | 0.54% | 195 |
| Sherman-Denison, TX | $203,597.00 | 120,877 | 226 | $1.65660 | 0.13% | 314 |
| La Crosse, WI-MN | $224,725.00 | 133,665 | 227 | $1.65357 | -0.06% | 290 |
| Grand Forks, ND-MN | $165,417.00 | 98,461 | 228 | $1.65236 | -0.13% | 346 |
| Waco, TX | $394,549.00 | 234,906 | 229 | $1.65195 | -0.15% | 188 |
| Longview, TX | $359,095.00 | 214,369 | 230 | $1.64754 | -0.42% | 197 |
| Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX | $650,601.00 | 388,745 | 231 | $1.64604 | -0.51% | 132 |
| Cape Girardeau-Jackson, MO-IL | $160,928.00 | 96,275 | 232 | $1.64403 | -0.63% | 350 |
| Kansas City, MO-KS | $3,396,584.00 | 2,035,334 | 233 | $1.64133 | -0.80% | 29 |
| Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR-MO | $772,340.00 | 463,204 | 234 | $1.63993 | -0.88% | 107 |
| Peoria, IL | $631,004.00 | 379,186 | 235 | $1.63670 | -1.07% | 135 |
| Corpus Christi, TX | $710,406.00 | 428,185 | 236 | $1.63179 | -1.37% | 114 |
| Sioux Falls, SD | $378,499.00 | 228,261 | 237 | $1.63088 | -1.43% | 191 |
| Decatur, IL | $183,380.00 | 110,768 | 238 | $1.62828 | -1.58% | 331 |
| Manchester-Nashua, NH | $663,068.00 | 400,721 | 239 | $1.62744 | -1.63% | 130 |
| Boise City-Nampa, ID | $1,017,199.00 | 616,561 | 240 | $1.62263 | -1.93% | 85 |
| Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL-IN-WI | $15,568,610.00 | 9,461,105 | 241 | $1.61844 | -2.18% | 3 |
| Eau Claire, WI | $265,021.00 | 161,151 | 242 | $1.61748 | -2.24% | 243 |
| Oshkosh-Neenah, WI | $274,532.00 | 166,994 | 243 | $1.61690 | -2.27% | 238 |
| Savannah, GA | $570,207.00 | 347,611 | 244 | $1.61335 | -2.49% | 143 |
| Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR | $1,147,493.00 | 699,757 | 245 | $1.61285 | -2.52% | 72 |
| Rome, GA | $157,878.00 | 96,317 | 246 | $1.61216 | -2.56% | 352 |
| Burlington-South Burlington, VT | $346,073.00 | 211,261 | 247 | $1.61116 | -2.62% | 201 |
| Warner Robins, GA | $229,125.00 | 139,900 | 248 | $1.61081 | -2.64% | 274 |
| Victoria, TX | $188,788.00 | 115,384 | 249 | $1.60923 | -2.74% | 320 |
| Macon, GA | $378,813.00 | 232,293 | 250 | $1.60391 | -3.06% | 190 |
| Columbus, GA-AL | $480,773.00 | 294,865 | 251 | $1.60364 | -3.07% | 157 |
| Midland, TX | $221,613.00 | 136,872 | 252 | $1.59247 | -3.75% | 281 |
| Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord, NC-SC | $2,845,880.00 | 1,758,038 | 253 | $1.59213 | -3.77% | 33 |
| Valdosta, GA | $225,264.00 | 139,588 | 254 | $1.58721 | -4.07% | 278 |
| Kankakee-Bradley, IL | $182,897.00 | 113,449 | 255 | $1.58561 | -4.16% | 324 |
| Brunswick, GA | $181,130.00 | 112,370 | 256 | $1.58537 | -4.18% | 326 |
| Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI | $2,506,228.00 | 1,555,908 | 257 | $1.58426 | -4.24% | 39 |
| Danville, IL | $131,406.00 | 81,625 | 258 | $1.58337 | -4.30% | 360 |
| Albany, GA | $253,037.00 | 157,308 | 259 | $1.58206 | -4.38% | 252 |
| Logan, UT-ID | $201,329.00 | 125,442 | 260 | $1.57853 | -4.59% | 304 |
| New Haven-Milford, CT | $1,384,050.00 | 862,477 | 261 | $1.57832 | -4.60% | 60 |
| Killeen-Temple-Fort Hood, TX | $649,274.00 | 405,300 | 262 | $1.57558 | -4.77% | 127 |
| Green Bay, WI | $490,506.00 | 306,241 | 263 | $1.57533 | -4.78% | 152 |
| Rockford, IL | $559,542.00 | 349,431 | 264 | $1.57493 | -4.81% | 145 |
| Fond du Lac, WI | $161,165.00 | 101,633 | 265 | $1.55964 | -5.73% | 341 |
| Manhattan, KS | $201,274.00 | 127,081 | 266 | $1.55775 | -5.85% | 297 |
| Cedar Rapids, IA | $408,023.00 | 257,940 | 267 | $1.55581 | -5.96% | 177 |
| Odessa, TX | $216,475.00 | 137,130 | 268 | $1.55262 | -6.16% | 282 |
| Albuquerque, NM | $1,399,881.00 | 887,077 | 269 | $1.55210 | -6.19% | 57 |
| Wenatchee, WA | $174,873.00 | 110,884 | 270 | $1.55112 | -6.25% | 327 |
| New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island,NY-NJ-PA | $29,682,674.00 | 18,897,109 | 271 | $1.54489 | -6.62% | 1 |
| Sheboygan, WI | $181,234.00 | 115,507 | 272 | $1.54320 | -6.73% | 323 |
| Norwich-New London, CT | $429,665.00 | 274,055 | 273 | $1.54199 | -6.80% | 170 |
| Wausau, WI | $210,056.00 | 134,063 | 274 | $1.54105 | -6.86% | 291 |
| Gainesville, GA | $280,222.00 | 179,684 | 275 | $1.53385 | -7.29% | 225 |
| Appleton, WI | $350,752.00 | 225,666 | 276 | $1.52871 | -7.60% | 194 |
| Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT | $1,877,815.00 | 1,212,381 | 277 | $1.52336 | -7.93% | 45 |
| Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA | $1,333,208.00 | 865,350 | 278 | $1.51529 | -8.41% | 58 |
| Racine, WI | $301,037.00 | 195,408 | 279 | $1.51519 | -8.42% | 217 |
| Janesville, WI | $246,458.00 | 160,331 | 280 | $1.51187 | -8.62% | 250 |
| Las Cruces, NM | $321,250.00 | 209,233 | 281 | $1.51009 | -8.73% | 199 |
| Mankato-North Mankato, MN | $147,728.00 | 96,740 | 282 | $1.50192 | -9.22% | 348 |
| Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI | $1,178,645.00 | 774,160 | 283 | $1.49741 | -9.49% | 69 |
| McAllen-Edinburg-Pharr, TX | $1,179,244.00 | 774,769 | 284 | $1.49700 | -9.52% | 68 |
| Duluth, MN-WI | $425,512.00 | 279,771 | 285 | $1.49589 | -9.59% | 165 |
| Yakima, WA | $369,819.00 | 243,231 | 286 | $1.49541 | -9.61% | 187 |
| Mount Vernon-Anacortes, WA | $177,569.00 | 116,901 | 287 | $1.49396 | -9.70% | 315 |
| Dalton, GA | $215,804.00 | 142,227 | 288 | $1.49234 | -9.80% | 277 |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA | $19,390,317.00 | 12,828,837 | 289 | $1.48658 | -10.15% | 2 |
| Brownsville-Harlingen, TX | $612,204.00 | 406,220 | 290 | $1.48226 | -10.41% | 124 |
| Fairbanks, AK | $147,010.00 | 97,581 | 291 | $1.48174 | -10.44% | 343 |
| Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA | $6,352,361.00 | 4,224,851 | 292 | $1.47881 | -10.62% | 12 |
| Longview, WA | $153,768.00 | 102,410 | 293 | $1.47677 | -10.74% | 340 |
| Bellingham, WA | $301,501.00 | 201,140 | 294 | $1.47428 | -10.89% | 209 |
| Rochester, MN | $278,633.00 | 186,011 | 295 | $1.47328 | -10.95% | 223 |
| Columbia, SC | $1,148,180.00 | 767,598 | 296 | $1.47118 | -11.08% | 70 |
| El Paso, TX | $1,192,338.00 | 800,647 | 297 | $1.46470 | -11.47% | 65 |
| Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI | $4,842,583.00 | 3,279,833 | 298 | $1.45216 | -12.23% | 16 |
| Hinesville-Fort Stewart, GA | $114,891.00 | 77,917 | 299 | $1.45025 | -12.34% | 361 |
| Raleigh-Cary, NC | $1,663,591.00 | 1,130,490 | 300 | $1.44734 | -12.52% | 47 |
| St. Cloud, MN | $277,151.00 | 189,093 | 301 | $1.44155 | -12.87% | 221 |
| Laredo, TX | $366,846.00 | 250,304 | 302 | $1.44147 | -12.88% | 181 |
| San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles, CA | $393,949.00 | 269,637 | 303 | $1.43698 | -13.15% | 171 |
| Sacramento--Arden-Arcade--Roseville, CA | $3,125,517.00 | 2,149,127 | 304 | $1.43037 | -13.55% | 25 |
| Hanford-Corcoran, CA | $221,963.00 | 152,982 | 305 | $1.42702 | -13.75% | 260 |
| Houston-Baytown-Sugar Land, TX | $8,591,542.00 | 5,946,800 | 306 | $1.42095 | -14.12% | 5 |
| Lincoln, NE | $435,900.00 | 302,157 | 307 | $1.41888 | -14.24% | 154 |
| Charleston-North Charleston, SC | $958,180.00 | 664,607 | 308 | $1.41799 | -14.29% | 78 |
| Olympia, WA | $361,151.00 | 252,264 | 309 | $1.40807 | -14.89% | 180 |
| Corvallis, OR | $122,493.00 | 85,579 | 310 | $1.40778 | -14.91% | 358 |
| Fargo, ND-MN | $298,526.00 | 208,777 | 311 | $1.40634 | -15.00% | 202 |
| Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA | $7,462,139.00 | 5,268,860 | 312 | $1.39295 | -15.81% | 9 |
| Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA | $371,038.00 | 262,382 | 313 | $1.39083 | -15.94% | 175 |
| Chico, CA | $310,836.00 | 220,000 | 314 | $1.38963 | -16.01% | 196 |
| Eugene-Springfield, OR | $496,260.00 | 351,715 | 315 | $1.38774 | -16.12% | 144 |
| Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Goleta, CA | $595,677.00 | 423,895 | 316 | $1.38211 | -16.46% | 118 |
| Redding, CA | $249,004.00 | 177,223 | 317 | $1.38190 | -16.48% | 228 |
| Napa, CA | $191,518.00 | 136,484 | 318 | $1.38012 | -16.58% | 284 |
| Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA | $677,960.00 | 483,878 | 319 | $1.37803 | -16.71% | 104 |
| Colorado Springs, CO | $897,143.00 | 645,613 | 320 | $1.36672 | -17.39% | 81 |
| San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA | $4,279,163.00 | 3,095,313 | 321 | $1.35970 | -17.82% | 17 |
| Idaho Falls, ID | $177,313.00 | 130,374 | 322 | $1.33764 | -19.15% | 294 |
| San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA | $5,859,991.00 | 4,335,391 | 323 | $1.32941 | -19.65% | 11 |
| Ogden-Clearfield, UT | $737,490.00 | 547,184 | 324 | $1.32560 | -19.88% | 93 |
| San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA | $2,472,499.00 | 1,836,911 | 325 | $1.32385 | -19.98% | 31 |
| Vallejo-Fairfield, CA | $554,586.00 | 413,344 | 326 | $1.31961 | -20.24% | 123 |
| Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA | $1,102,236.00 | 823,318 | 327 | $1.31673 | -20.41% | 63 |
| Denver-Aurora, CO | $3,395,406.00 | 2,543,482 | 328 | $1.31296 | -20.64% | 21 |
| Medford, OR | $268,465.00 | 203,206 | 329 | $1.29939 | -21.46% | 207 |
| Durham, NC | $666,098.00 | 504,357 | 330 | $1.29894 | -21.49% | 102 |
| Salinas, CA | $544,618.00 | 415,057 | 331 | $1.29055 | -22.00% | 121 |
| Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX | $8,355,402.00 | 6,371,773 | 332 | $1.28972 | -22.05% | 4 |
| Anchorage, AK | $499,298.00 | 380,821 | 333 | $1.28952 | -22.06% | 133 |
| Austin-Round Rock, TX | $2,235,782.00 | 1,716,289 | 334 | $1.28124 | -22.56% | 34 |
| Bend, OR | $205,348.00 | 157,733 | 335 | $1.28044 | -22.61% | 248 |
| Kennewick-Richland-Pasco, WA | $325,878.00 | 253,340 | 336 | $1.26515 | -23.53% | 176 |
| Portland-Vancouver-Beaverton, OR-WA | $2,855,767.00 | 2,226,009 | 337 | $1.26179 | -23.74% | 23 |
| Salem, OR | $500,670.00 | 390,738 | 338 | $1.26025 | -23.83% | 131 |
| Madera, CA | $191,973.00 | 150,865 | 339 | $1.25153 | -24.36% | 262 |
| Boulder, CO | $374,413.00 | 294,567 | 340 | $1.25013 | -24.44% | 159 |
| Modesto, CA | $653,370.00 | 514,453 | 341 | $1.24912 | -24.50% | 100 |
| Grand Junction, CO | $186,143.00 | 146,723 | 342 | $1.24778 | -24.58% | 269 |
| Fresno, CA | $1,179,885.00 | 930,450 | 343 | $1.24720 | -24.62% | 55 |
| Pueblo, CO | $200,950.00 | 159,063 | 344 | $1.24254 | -24.90% | 246 |
| El Centro, CA | $220,389.00 | 174,528 | 345 | $1.24198 | -24.93% | 230 |
| Yuba City, CA | $210,683.00 | 166,892 | 346 | $1.24160 | -24.96% | 239 |
| Stockton, CA | $862,343.00 | 685,306 | 347 | $1.23761 | -25.20% | 76 |
| Bakersfield, CA | $1,051,318.00 | 839,631 | 348 | $1.23150 | -25.57% | 61 |
| Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV | $6,970,911.00 | 5,582,170 | 349 | $1.22822 | -25.76% | 7 |
| Salt Lake City, UT | $1,401,163.00 | 1,124,197 | 350 | $1.22585 | -25.91% | 48 |
| Greeley, CO | $314,296.00 | 252,825 | 351 | $1.22267 | -26.10% | 179 |
| Tallahassee, FL | $453,660.00 | 367,413 | 352 | $1.21441 | -26.60% | 138 |
| Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA | $4,226,240.00 | 3,439,809 | 353 | $1.20840 | -26.96% | 15 |
| Merced, CA | $308,988.00 | 255,793 | 354 | $1.18807 | -28.19% | 178 |
| Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT | $1,105,338.00 | 916,829 | 355 | $1.18576 | -28.33% | 56 |
| Visalia-Porterville, CA | $531,838.00 | 442,179 | 356 | $1.18296 | -28.50% | 111 |
| St. George, UT | $165,901.00 | 138,115 | 357 | $1.18140 | -28.59% | 279 |
| Santa Fe, NM | $164,210.00 | 144,170 | 358 | $1.12025 | -32.29% | 271 |
| Fort Collins-Loveland, CO | $340,812.00 | 299,630 | 359 | $1.11871 | -32.38% | 155 |
| Provo-Orem, UT | $517,472.00 | 526,810 | 360 | $0.96610 | -41.61% | 97 |
These are the findings of Chmura Economics & Analytics in a study entitled “Estimating the Economic Loss of Daylight Saving Time for U.S. Metropolitan Statistical Areas” commissioned by the Carpenter Co. The study focused on only the aspects of economic losses where solid evidence from peer-reviewed academic journals could be obtained, showing how the DST change can lead to an increase in heart attacks, workplace injuries in the mining and construction sectors, and increased cyberloafing that reduces productivity for people who typically work in offices. A reasonable economic cost was then developed from the economic costs of heart attacks, workplace accidents and cyberloafing and applied to the more than 300 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA) in the U.S.
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Created by Carpenter Co.
